Arequipa, known as “La Ciudad Blanca” (The White City), is one of Peru’s most captivating destinations. With its stunning colonial architecture, breathtaking landscapes, and rich cultural heritage, this city is a must-visit for travelers seeking history, adventure, and gastronomy. Whether you’re planning a short visit or an extended stay, this guide will help you explore the best of Arequipa.
History
Arequipa was founded on August 15, 1540, by the Spanish conquistador Garci Manuel de Carbajal. However, the region had been inhabited long before by indigenous groups such as the Collaguas and Cabanas, who adapted to the area’s volcanic terrain. During the colonial era, Arequipa flourished as an economic and cultural hub, thanks to its strategic location between the coast and the Andean highlands. The city’s distinctive sillar architecture, built from white volcanic stone, became a symbol of its prosperity. Over the years, Arequipa has maintained its role as a major center of commerce, politics, and learning, earning its designation as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2000 for its well-preserved colonial buildings.
location?
Arequipa is located in southern Peru, about 1,000 km from Lima. Sitting at an altitude of 2,335 meters (7,660 feet) above sea level, it offers a comfortable climate with sunny days and cool nights. The city is surrounded by three majestic volcanoes: Misti, Chachani, and Pichu Pichu, which add to its dramatic landscape.
Why Called the White City?
The nickname “White City” comes from the volcanic sillar stone used in many of its colonial buildings. This white volcanic rock gives the city a unique and elegant appearance. The historic center of Arequipa is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, thanks to its well-preserved colonial architecture.
Top Attractions in Arequipa
1. Plaza de Armas
The Plaza de Armas of Arequipa is the vibrant heart of the city and one of the most beautiful main squares in Peru. Surrounded by elegant colonial arcades and the impressive Arequipa Cathedral, this UNESCO-listed site is made of the region’s iconic white sillar volcanic stone.
The plaza is a lively gathering spot where locals and tourists enjoy the fountains, gardens, and nearby cafés with views of the Misti Volcano in the background. It’s also home to several important landmarks, including colonial churches and museums, making it the perfect starting point for exploring Arequipa’s historic center.
Whether you’re here to relax, people-watch, or dive into the city’s history, the Plaza de Armas offers a quintessential Arequipa experience.
2. Santa Catalina Monastery
The Santa Catalina Monastery in Arequipa is one of the most iconic and well-preserved colonial religious complexes in Peru. Founded in 1579, this vast monastery occupies an entire city block and is often described as a “city within a city” due to its maze of colorful alleys, courtyards, chapels, and cloisters. Originally built for nuns from wealthy Spanish families, the monastery features stunning colonial architecture, vibrant red and blue walls, and tranquil gardens. Visitors can explore its historic cells, kitchens, art galleries, and religious artifacts, offering a deep dive into Arequipa’s religious and cultural history. Today, it is open to the public as a museum and remains one of Arequipa’s top tourist attractions.
Whether you’re interested in Peruvian history, architecture, or photography, the Santa Catalina Monastery is a must-visit while in Arequipa!
3. Colca Canyon
Colca Canyon, is one of the deepest canyons in the world, plunging over 3,270 meters (10,730 feet)—twice as deep as the Grand Canyon. Famous for its breathtaking landscapes, pre-Incan agricultural terraces, and the chance to spot the majestic Andean condor, Colca Canyon is a top destination for adventure and nature lovers.
Visitors can enjoy trekking routes ranging from one to three days, visit traditional villages like Chivay and Cabanaconde, and relax in nearby hot springs. The canyon is also rich in Andean culture, with local communities preserving ancient customs and colorful textiles.
Whether you’re there for hiking, birdwatching, or cultural experiences, Colca Canyon is a must-see natural wonder in southern Peru.
4. Yanahuara Viewpoint
The Yanahuara Viewpoint (Mirador de Yanahuara) is one of Arequipa’s most famous attractions, offering panoramic views of the city and the surrounding volcanoes, including the iconic Misti Volcano. Located just a few minutes from Arequipa’s historic center, this charming spot is known for its colonial-era stone arches, which are inscribed with traditional poetic phrases in Quechua and Spanish.
In addition to the stunning scenery, visitors can explore the quaint Yanahuara neighborhood, characterized by its narrow cobblestone streets and white sillar stone buildings. The viewpoint is especially popular at sunset, when the city and volcanoes are bathed in golden light.
A visit to the Yanahuara Viewpoint is perfect for travelers seeking a peaceful spot to enjoy the beauty of Arequipa while capturing memorable photos.
5. San Camilo Market
For an authentic local experience, visit San Camilo Market. Here, you can taste exotic fruits, enjoy fresh juices, and discover traditional Peruvian ingredients.
Things to Do in Arequipa
- Try Arequipa’s Cuisine: Taste local dishes like rocoto relleno (stuffed spicy pepper), adobo arequipeño (pork stew), and the famous queso helado (a traditional dessert that resembles ice cream but is made from milk and spices).
- Explore the Sillar Route: Visit the quarries where the famous white stone is extracted and see how artisans carve intricate designs into the rock.
- Hike the Volcanoes: If you’re up for a challenge, consider climbing Misti or Chachani for an unforgettable adventure.
- Visit the Museums: Learn about Arequipa’s history and culture at the Museo Santuarios Andinos, where you can see the famous Inca mummy “Juanita.”
Best Time to Visit Arequipa
The best time to visit Arequipa is between April and November, when the weather is dry, sunny, and ideal for outdoor activities. During these months, you can explore the city’s historic sites, visit Colca Canyon, and enjoy breathtaking views of the surrounding volcanoes without the interruption of heavy rain.
The rainy season lasts from December to March, bringing occasional showers, especially in the afternoons. While the city remains accessible, outdoor excursions like hiking or visiting Colca Canyon may be affected by wet conditions. However, this is also a quieter time for tourism, meaning fewer crowds and lower prices on accommodations.
For the best experience, visit is between May and September, when the days are warm, the nights are cool, and the skies are clear—perfect for sightseeing and photography.
How to Get
- By Air: Alfredo Rodríguez Ballón International Airport connects Arequipa with major cities like Lima and Cusco.
- By Bus: Comfortable long-distance buses operate from Lima, Cusco, and Puno, offering scenic routes through the Andes.
Where to Stay
Offers accommodations for all budgets, from luxury hotels with stunning views to cozy hostels in the historic center. Some top-rated options include:
- Luxury: CIRQA – Relais & Châteaux
- Mid-Range: Casa Andina Premium Arequipa
- Budget: Selina Arequipa
it is Worth Visiting?
Absolutely! Arequipa is one of Peru’s most captivating destinations, offering a unique blend of history, culture, and natural beauty. Known as the “White City”, its stunning colonial architecture, built from white volcanic sillar stone, gives it an elegant charm. The city’s UNESCO-listed historic center is a masterpiece of Spanish colonial design, filled with churches, mansions, and picturesque plazas.
Beyond its architecture, Arequipa is a gateway to Colca Canyon, one of the deepest canyons in the world, where you can witness the majestic Andean condors soaring above dramatic landscapes. Food lovers will be delighted by Arequipa’s renowned gastronomy, featuring traditional dishes like rocoto relleno (stuffed spicy pepper) and queso helado (a unique frozen dessert).
With a pleasant year-round climate, a rich cultural heritage, and breathtaking natural wonders, Arequipa is undoubtedly worth visiting. Whether you’re a history enthusiast, adventure seeker, or foodie, the city promises an unforgettable experience in the heart of the Andes.
Final Travel Tips
- Altitude: While lower than Cusco, some travelers may still experience mild altitude effects. Stay hydrated and take it easy on your first day.
- Currency: The official currency is the Peruvian sol (PEN). Most places accept credit cards, but carrying some cash is recommended.
- Safety: Arequipa is generally safe for tourists, but always be cautious with your belongings, especially in crowded areas.
FAQs
1. How many days should I spend in Arequipa?
Ideally, you should spend at least 2 to 3 days to explore the city and take a trip to Colca Canyon.
2. Is Arequipa safe for solo travelers?
Yes, Arequipa is generally safe for solo travelers. Stick to well-lit areas at night and be cautious with your belongings.
3. What is the altitude?
Arequipa sits at 2,335 meters (7,660 feet) above sea level, making it lower than Cusco but still high enough to cause mild altitude effects.
4. Can I visit Colca Canyon on a day trip?
Yes, but it’s a long day. A 2-day tour is recommended for a better experience and to see the condors early in the morning.
5. What should I pack?
Pack light clothing for the day, a jacket for cool nights, comfortable shoes, sunscreen, and a hat for sun protection.
Conclusion
Arequipa is a gem of Peru, offering an incredible mix of history, adventure, and culinary delights. From its stunning colonial architecture to the breathtaking landscapes of Colca Canyon, the city provides an unforgettable experience for all types of travelers. Whether you’re drawn by its culture, nature, or food, Arequipa is a must-visit destination in Peru. Start planning your trip today and discover the magic of the White City!
I am Carlos, founder of Machu Picchu Soul, a local tour operator and travel agency based in Cusco, Peru. My journey in tourism began as a porter on the iconic Inca Trail, where I developed a deep connection with the land and its history. After years of dedication, I became a professional tour guide, honing my skills to deliver exceptional experiences. With over 15 years of expertise, I decided to establish Machu Picchu Soul to combine my passion for authentic travel with a commitment to supporting local communities and creating unforgettable adventures for our guests.
